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Scientific References
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- 2. Sattin, R. W., Rodriguez, J. G., DeVito, C. A., Lambert, D. A., and Stevens, J. A. The epidemiology of fall-related injuries among older persons. In: R. Weindruch, editor; and M. Ory, editor. (eds.), Frailty Reconsidered: Reducing Frailty and Fall-related Injuries in the Elderly. Springfield, Ill.: Charles C Thomas, in press. [Reference list]
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- 8. Ziegler D, Low PA, Freeman R, Tritschler H, Vinik AI. Predictors of improvement and progression of diabetic polyneuropathy following treatment with α-lipoic acid for 4 years in the NATHAN 1 trial. J Diabetes Complications. 2016 Mar;30(2):350-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2015.10.018. Epub 2015 Nov 10. PMID: 26651260.
2. Sattin, R. W., Rodriguez, J. G., DeVito, C. A., Lambert, D. A., and Stevens, J. A. The epidemiology of fall-related injuries among older persons. In: R. Weindruch, editor; and M. Ory, editor. (eds.), Frailty Reconsidered: Reducing Frailty and Fall-related Injuries in the Elderly. Springfield, Ill.: Charles C Thomas, in press. [Reference list]
3. Meyer-Rosberg K, Kvarnstrom A, Kinnman E, et al. Peripheral Neuropathic Pain—a multidimensional burden for patients. Eur J Pain. 2001;5:379-389 [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
4. Tennant F. Neuroinflammation: treating the underlying cause of chronic, severe pain. Presented at Pain Week 2017; September 5-9, 2017; Las Vegas, NV.
5. Graeber MB, Christei MJ. Multiple mechanisms of microglia: a gatekeeper’s contribution to pain states. Exp Neurol. 2012; 234(2):255-61. doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2012.01.007
6. Gwak YS, Hulsebosch CE. Remote astrocytic and microglial activation modulates neuronal hyperexcitability and below-level neuropathic pain after spinal injury in rat. Neuroscience. 2009;161(3):895-903. doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2009.03.055
7. Nikolaos Papanas & Dan Ziegler (2014) Efficacy of α-lipoic acid in diabetic neuropathy, Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy, 15:18, 2721-2731, DOI: 10.1517/14656566.2014.972935
8. Ziegler D, Low PA, Freeman R, Tritschler H, Vinik AI. Predictors of improvement and progression of diabetic polyneuropathy following treatment with α-lipoic acid for 4 years in the NATHAN 1 trial. J Diabetes Complications. 2016 Mar;30(2):350-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2015.10.018. Epub 2015 Nov 10. PMID: 26651260.
- 9. Lee WY, Orestes P, Latham J, Naik AK, Nelson MT, Vitko I, Perez-Reyes E, Jevtovic-Todorovic V, Todorovic SM. Molecular mechanisms of lipoic acid modulation of T-type calcium channels in pain pathway. J Neurosci. 2009 Jul 29;29(30):9500-9. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.5803-08.2009. PMID: 19641113; PMCID: PMC3073510.
- 10. Ziegler D, Ametov A, Barinov A, Dyck PJ, Gurieva I, Low PA, Munzel U, Yakhno N, Raz I, Novosadova M, Maus J, Samigullin R. Oral treatment with alpha-lipoic acid improves symptomatic diabetic polyneuropathy: the SYDNEY 2 trial. Diabetes Care. 2006 Nov;29(11):2365-70. doi: 10.2337/dc06-1216. PMID: 17065669.
- 11. Memeo A, Loiero M. Thioctic acid and acetyl-L-carnitine in the treatment of sciatic pain caused by a herniated disc: a randomized, double-blind, comparative study. Clin Drug Investig. 2008;28(8):495-500. doi: 10.2165/00044011-200828080-00004. PMID: 18598095.
- 12.Di Stefano G, Di Lionardo A, Galosi E, Truini A, Cruccu G. Acetyl-L-carnitine in painful peripheral neuropathy: a systematic review. J Pain Res. 2019 Apr 26;12:1341-1351. doi: 10.2147/JPR.S190231. PMID: 31118753; PMCID: PMC6498091.
- 13.McKay Hart A, Wiberg M, Terenghi G. Pharmacological enhancement of peripheral nerve regeneration in the rat by systemic acetyl-L-carnitine treatment. Neurosci Lett. 2002 Dec 16;334(3):181-5. doi: 10.1016/s0304-3940(02)00982-5. PMID: 12453625.
- 14. Fernandez E, Pallini R, Gangitano C, Del Fá A, Sangiacomo CO, Sbriccoli A, Ricoy JR, Rossi GF. Effects of L-carnitine, L-acetylcarnitine and gangliosides on the regeneration of the transected sciatic nerve in rats. Neurol Res. 1989 Mar;11(1):57-62. doi: 10.1080/01616412.1989.11739863. PMID: 2565553.
- 15. Sima AA, Calvani M, Mehra M, Amato A; Acetyl-L-Carnitine Study Group. Acetyl-L-carnitine improves pain, nerve regeneration, and vibratory perception in patients with chronic diabetic neuropathy: an analysis of two randomized placebo-controlled trials. Diabetes Care. 2005 Jan;28(1):89-94. doi: 10.2337/diacare.28.1.89. PMID: 15616239.
- 16. mZhu X, Li Q, Chang R, Yang D, Song Z, Guo Q, Huang C. Curcumin alleviates neuropathic pain by inhibiting p300/CBP histone acetyltransferase activity-regulated expression of BDNF and cox-2 in a rat model. PLoS One. 2014 Mar 6;9(3):e91303. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0091303. PMID: 24603592; PMCID: PMC3946321.
9. Lee WY, Orestes P, Latham J, Naik AK, Nelson MT, Vitko I, Perez-Reyes E, Jevtovic-Todorovic V, Todorovic SM. Molecular mechanisms of lipoic acid modulation of T-type calcium channels in pain pathway. J Neurosci. 2009 Jul 29;29(30):9500-9. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.5803-08.2009. PMID: 19641113; PMCID: PMC3073510.
10. Ziegler D, Ametov A, Barinov A, Dyck PJ, Gurieva I, Low PA, Munzel U, Yakhno N, Raz I, Novosadova M, Maus J, Samigullin R. Oral treatment with alpha-lipoic acid improves symptomatic diabetic polyneuropathy: the SYDNEY 2 trial. Diabetes Care. 2006 Nov;29(11):2365-70. doi: 10.2337/dc06-1216. PMID: 17065669.
11. Memeo A, Loiero M. Thioctic acid and acetyl-L-carnitine in the treatment of sciatic pain caused by a herniated disc: a randomized, double-blind, comparative study. Clin Drug Investig. 2008;28(8):495-500. doi: 10.2165/00044011-200828080-00004. PMID: 18598095.
12.Di Stefano G, Di Lionardo A, Galosi E, Truini A, Cruccu G. Acetyl-L-carnitine in painful peripheral neuropathy: a systematic review. J Pain Res. 2019 Apr 26;12:1341-1351. doi: 10.2147/JPR.S190231. PMID: 31118753; PMCID: PMC6498091.
13.McKay Hart A, Wiberg M, Terenghi G. Pharmacological enhancement of peripheral nerve regeneration in the rat by systemic acetyl-L-carnitine treatment. Neurosci Lett. 2002 Dec 16;334(3):181-5. doi: 10.1016/s0304-3940(02)00982-5. PMID: 12453625.
14. Fernandez E, Pallini R, Gangitano C, Del Fá A, Sangiacomo CO, Sbriccoli A, Ricoy JR, Rossi GF. Effects of L-carnitine, L-acetylcarnitine and gangliosides on the regeneration of the transected sciatic nerve in rats. Neurol Res. 1989 Mar;11(1):57-62. doi: 10.1080/01616412.1989.11739863. PMID: 2565553.
15. Sima AA, Calvani M, Mehra M, Amato A; Acetyl-L-Carnitine Study Group. Acetyl-L-carnitine improves pain, nerve regeneration, and vibratory perception in patients with chronic diabetic neuropathy: an analysis of two randomized placebo-controlled trials. Diabetes Care. 2005 Jan;28(1):89-94. doi: 10.2337/diacare.28.1.89. PMID: 15616239.
16. mZhu X, Li Q, Chang R, Yang D, Song Z, Guo Q, Huang C. Curcumin alleviates neuropathic pain by inhibiting p300/CBP histone acetyltransferase activity-regulated expression of BDNF and cox-2 in a rat model. PLoS One. 2014 Mar 6;9(3):e91303. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0091303. PMID: 24603592; PMCID: PMC3946321.